What Is Pixel Binning in smartphone Photography

The Term "Pixel Binning" regularly comes in a talk that is related to smartphones Photography. The Term is Very important in the term of photography in phones but not everybody has knowledge about it. Today I am going to Explain the Pixel Binning. What exactly it is?

Pixels:-

To understand Pixel Binnig better, you have to understand what is Pixels first. The pixel is also called as photo sites, it is a physical element which is on the camera sensor that captures the light during photography. Pixel is usually measured in micron (a millionth of a meter). Pixel size measured below one-micron os considered as small one. You should always have large pixels as compared to small pixels because a large pixel can capture more light than smaller pixels. Capturing more light means, you can take a clear photo even in low light or when the light is dim like in the pub. There are various phones like iPhone XS Max, Google Pixel 3, and many more whose cameras offer large 1.4 microns pixels.

Pixel Binnig:-
Pixels binning is a process of seeing data by the help of four pixels that are combined into one. So a camera sensor with tiny 0.9-micron pixels will produce results equivalent to 1.8-micron pixels when taking a pixel-binned shot. the disadvantage of this technique is that your resolution is effectively divided by four when taking a pixel-binned shot. So that means a binned shot on a 48MP camera is actually 12MP, while a binned shot on a 16MP camera is only four megapixels. Pixel binning is generally made possible thanks to the use of a quad Bayer filter (a color filter used in all digital camera sensors for capturing an image with the red, green and blue color) on camera sensors.

A standard Bayer filter is made up of 50 percent green filters, 25 percent red filters, and 25 percent blue filters. Once this image is captured, it is inserted into and processed to produce a final, full-color image. A  quad Bayer filter makes a group of these colors in clusters of four then uses software-based array conversion processing to enable pixel binning. The cluster arrangement delivers extra light information during the array conversion process, making it better than simply upscaling to 48MP. By use of Quad Bayer filter and pixel binning t=can help you to take high-resolution shots during the day time and low resolution, pixel-binned shots at night due to low light.

Devices like Xiaomi Redmi Note 7 series, Xiaomi Mi 9, Honor View 20, Huawei Nova 4, Vivo V15 Pro, and the ZTE Blade V10 are offering pixel binning options. There are also devices like LG’s G7 ThinQ and V30s ThinQ with a low-resolution camera offering pixel binning options. brands like Xiaomi has also adopted 16MP and 20MP cameras with pixel binning, such as the Xiaomi Redmi S2 and Mi A2 respectively.

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